Wednesday, February 26, 2014

Greek Austerity and Health Care

Greece’s austerity measures have long since disappeared from front page news, but a lot of the consequences are only starting to be felt. I was shocked to read about the state of the healthcare sector recently, and I think it deserves more attention. Almost every Greek has been affected: health insurance is typically tied to employment (and unemployment is now nearing 27%, leaving 800,000 uninsured), pension funds and social security have been slashed, and public health spending has decreased by 25% ($12 billion). This has resulted in higher charges by the hospitals for the services offered. So people have lost their insurance and assets, the quality of care has diminished, and now rising prices are making health services even more difficult to afford. NGOs and volunteer clinics are doing what they can, but they were designed to help immigrant populations, and cannot handle the increased demand from the general public. This is clearly evident by the rising disease levels: the closing of safe needle programs has led to a 200% increase in HIV infections, and the end of mosquito spraying programs has resulted in the return of malaria, after a forty year absence. The suicide rate has also jumped – it rose 45% between 2007 and 2011, which could be tied to the 250% increase in rates of depression.
The future population is increasingly at risk: Greece had a very low fertility rate before the recession (about 1.4 children per woman), but the birth rate has decreased by 15% in the last four years, infant mortality has risen by 43%, and the rate of stillbirths has risen by 21%. So women are having fewer babies to begin with (possibly the rampant unemployment and general unrest have discouraged them), and the women who do have children are in much greater danger of losing them than they were four years ago.
Overall, the situation is quite alarming, and the government has done little to address it. International organizations could try to find more funding to expand the clinics, but it would be an unsustainable solution – funding is unpredictable and insufficient to fill the gaping hole left by the government. Plus, providing basic public health services undeniably lies in the realm of governmental obligations, as far as I’m concerned. I think the current situation poses interesting questions – is there a point of economic chaos where a developed nation’s government can justify eliminating health services? From a purely economic standpoint, maybe the answer is yes, but social justice perspectives might think otherwise. And if the government is too dysfunctional to provide healthcare, what are the obligations of the country’s doctors, international aid, and regular citizens? It seems unfair for medical NGOs, which are needed more desperately in other areas, to divert funding to a developed nation. And it’s certainly unfair to doctors to expect them to provide services for free when their own jobs and futures are at risk. I won’t pretend to have an in-depth knowledge of Greece’s situation, but from what I do know, it seems like the government made this mess, and that they are the ones who need to fix it.
I realize that money is incredibly tight right now, and that a lot of hard decisions had to be made, but the drastic cuts to health care are shortsighted and cruel. In addition to the multitude of negative consequences for the country right now, the reduction in health care quality jeopardizes the country’s ability to recover in the future. The working population is shrinking (from disease and emigration), and the rising infant mortality has made the next generation smaller than expected. There won’t be nearly enough young people to support the aging population, especially now that retirees’ assets have been severely reduced. The Greek government would do well to follow the austerity measures of some other European countries, like Iceland, which refused to cut health budgets. Instead, they are jeopardizing the health of their citizens, especially the most vulnerable and poor among them – the elderly, immigrants, infants, and the unemployed. Greece has a long road to recovery ahead, but it would be a lot more manageable if the population were healthy. Until policies are shifted and health services are regained, progress will be stunted and limited.





2 comments:

  1. I agree that the government was certainly irresponsible first of all for going bankrupt and now struggling to recover despite the bailout. I'm also not very familiar with Greece's situation, but I believe it's clear that the government was misled in their actions, especially economically. If the government right now isn't putting their money into healthcare, do you know what they are putting their money into? Because in politics everyone can make a great case for the government to put money into many areas of society, including something vital like healthcare, so its important to see whether they are distributing their funds fairly between areas. If a specific area is being funded disproportionally too much, then there's a problem. Otherwise I find it difficult to immediately put the fault on the government.

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    1. That's a very valid point, and I should have included more information on it. I completely understand the government deciding to cut some health care programs, but it seems like they went way too far, and they don't seem to be doing much to acknowledge that. I don't feel qualified to give any recommendations for sectors that should have been cut more instead, but I do know that they have huge issues with tax evasion. (Wikipedia has some pretty extensive articles, if you're interested.) Government officials, many of whom evaded taxes and accepted bribes, have done very little do prosecute clearly guilty parties. So it seems like the government chose to protect the interests of the wealthy and forfeit their tax revenue, and is making up for that loss by cutting basic services for everyone else. Once they clean up their corruption issues, I'll stop blaming them for slashing health care.

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